Brazil's Banco Central Overhauls Pix Penalty Framework With New BCB Resolution 507

Brazil's Banco Central do Brasil published Resolution BCB No. 507 on 26 September 2025, approving a new Manual de Penalidades do Pix that replaces the prior penalty framework governing the country's flagship instant payment system. The revised rulebook introduces a graduated set of sanctions, ranging from a formal warning for minor or first-time infractions through to the most consequential measure: exclusion from Pix for participants that commit serious or repeated breaches of the platform's rules, which under the companion Resolution BCB 506 now carries a 60-month bar on reapplying.

The new framework applies across the Pix payment system, which processes more than 60 billion transactions annually.

GRADUATED SANCTIONS AND LONGER EXCLUSION PERIOD

Resolution BCB 507 introduces several changes to the penalty framework. A new 'warning' sanction is designed to address minor or procedural infractions. For more substantive violations, the manual scales base fines by a weighting factor tied to the participant's size, measured by total assets.

Another change concerns the existing 'exclusion from Pix' penalty for serious or recidivistic violations. Under the framework previously in force, a participant excluded from Pix could reapply to rejoin after 60 days. The companion Resolution BCB 506 extends that exclusion period to 60 months. Recidivism has also been codified as an aggravating factor that regulators must consider when determining sanctions.

COMPANION RESOLUTION

The BCB published Resolution BCB No. 506 simultaneously with No. 507, using the companion instrument to amend the core Pix regulation in ways that align it with the updated penalty framework.